While at college, Newton met Bobby Seale. Newton and Seale created the Black Panther Party for Self Defense, because African Americans in Oakland were often victims of police violence and harassment. Seale was chairman, and Newton was the minister of defense. The group had a number of goals which were set out in a what they called the ‘Ten-Point Programme’. This included the need for better housing, jobs, and education for African Americans. It also called for an end to people taking advantage of the financial limits of the Black people within the community at the time.